Which statement regarding test scoring is true?

The assertion that the scoring process must be based on established criteria is fundamental to ensure fairness, consistency, and objectivity in evaluation. Established criteria provide a clear framework for assessors to measure student performance against specific learning outcomes or competencies. This helps to eliminate biases and personal interpretations that could otherwise affect the scoring process.

When scoring is aligned with predetermined standards, it allows for more transparent assessments where students understand how their work will be evaluated. It also promotes accountability among educators, ensuring that all students are assessed based on the same benchmarks, which is essential for maintaining educational integrity and equity.

In contrast, scoring that is subjective or based on personal preferences can lead to inconsistencies and unfairness, undermining the validity of the assessment. Each student's performance should be evaluated according to the same expectations, which is why established criteria are crucial in the scoring process.