What is a good seating arrangement for instructing a small discussion group?

A hollow square or round table arrangement is effective for a small discussion group because it fosters an interactive environment conducive to open dialogue and collaboration. This setup allows all participants to face one another, making it easier for them to engage directly with each other rather than having their attention drawn solely to a speaker at the front.

The layout encourages equality among participants, as no single individual is positioned in a place of authority or prominence. This can reduce barriers to communication, making it more likely that everyone will contribute their ideas and perspectives during the discussion. Additionally, the central table can serve as a space for documents, materials, or other resources that might be relevant during the discussion, facilitating a more dynamic exchange.

In contrast, rows of desks can create a traditional classroom atmosphere that may inhibit discussion and interaction, as participants will be facing forward rather than towards one another. U-shaped seating is also useful but can limit engagement for those seated farthest from the open end of the U. A circle of chairs allows for a similar atmosphere of inclusivity but may not provide the same utility for shared materials as a table setup does.