A test that compares a learner's performance against a predetermined standard is known as a ________ test?

A test that compares a learner's performance against a predetermined standard is known as a criterion-referenced test. This type of assessment is designed to measure whether individual learners have acquired specific skills or knowledge from a defined curriculum or set of learning objectives, rather than measuring their performance relative to their peers. Criterion-referenced tests are often used in educational settings to ensure that participants meet the expected level of proficiency in a subject area.

This approach provides a clear benchmark for students, indicating what they need to know or be able to do to demonstrate mastery of the material. In contrast, norm-referenced tests compare a student’s performance to that of a group, which does not provide insight into whether the student has achieved the specific objectives. Standardized tests can include both criterion-referenced and norm-referenced assessments but do not inherently define the relationship to predetermined standards. Formative assessments, on the other hand, are typically used to monitor student learning and provide ongoing feedback rather than to measure performance against set criteria. Thus, the criterion-referenced test is the most accurate descriptor of an assessment focused on a predetermined standard.